Gaborone is the capital and largest city of Botswana, with a population of 246,325 based on the 2022 census, about 10% of the total populatio…Gaborone is the capital and largest city of Botswana, with a population of 246,325 based on the 2022 census, about 10% of the total population of Botswana. Its metropolitan area is home to 534,842 inhabitants at the 2022 census.